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  MF045 One Year Later: The Closing of Penobscot Poultry and the Transition of a Veteran Employee

  Special Collections, Raymond H. Fogler Library, University of Maine

  Traveling exhibit of photos and oral history text panels based on a series of interviews with Linda J. Lord in which she talks about the work she did for 20 years at Penobscot Poultry, her feelings about being unemployed after Penobscot closed and general conversations about her life in Maine.

  The exhibit traveled in 1988-1989 to East Millinocket, Orono, Machias, Portland, and Augusta, with panels, presentations, and forums occurring at each opening. Speakers and panelists included Jay Davis, Bernard Lewis, Dr. Richard Barringer, Dr. Paula Petrik and Carolyn Chute. Primary researchers were Cedric Chatterly and Stephen Cole.

  NA2037 Linda J. Lord, interviewed by Cedric N. Chatterley and Stephen Cole, March 1988 - February 1989, Belfast and Brooks, Maine. 140 pp. Tapes: 4 1/2 hrs. approx. w/ partial trans. A series of interviews. Lord talks about the work she did for 20 years at Penobscot Poultry; her feelings about being unemployed after Penobscot closed and general conversations about her life in Maine. A collection of 51 exhibit photos of Lord at work will be added to this accession.

  NA2047 Belfast Forum participants: Jay Davis, Bernard Lewis, Dr. Richard Barringer, Dr. Paula Petrik, Carolyn Chute, others, recorded by Alicia Rouverol, winter 1989, Belfast, Maine. 3 pp. Tapes: 2 1/2 hours approx. with no transcript. Audio and video recording of the Belfast Forum, a panel discussion that accompanied the opening of “One Year Later: The Closing of Penobscot Poultry and the Transition of a Veteran Employee.” The traveling exhibit of photos and oral history text panels was based on Linda Lord’s work experiences at Penobscot Poultry (See NA 2037).

  NA2137 Cederic Chatterly and Paul Rivard, interviewed by Alicia Rouverol, spring 1989, Augusta, Maine. Tape only: 1 hr. 10 min. Recording of the Augusta, Maine opening of “One Year Later: The Closing of Penobscot Poultry and the Transition of a Veteran Employee.” On side 1, Chatterly narrates a slide show of the photographs he took of Linda Lord at work in Penobscot Poultry. Side 2 is Rivard talking about factory closings in New England and compares these closings with that of Penobscot Poultry.

  NA2138 Cederic Chatterly, Dr. Richard Barringer, Dr. Paula Petrik, and Carle O'Brien, recorded by Alicia Rouverol, summer 1989, Portland, Maine. Tape only: 1 hr. 15 min. The Portland opening of "One Year Later: The Closing of Penobscot Poultry and the Transition of a Veteran Employee." Chatterly narrates Linda Lord's oral history as he shows slides of the photographs. Dr. Barringer talks about reasons for the demise of the poultry industry in Maine. Dr. Paula Petrik talks about the role of women in industry. Dr. Petrik & O'Brien talk about industrial failure in Southern Maine and take questions and answers from the audience.

  NA2139 Beth Mahoney, recorded by Alicia Rouverol, April 13, 1989, Millinocket, Maine. Tape only: 4 hrs. Recording of the East Millinocket opening of "One Year Later: The Closing of Penobscot Poultry and the Transition of a Veteran Employee." Mahoney contrasts the closing of Penobscot Poultry with layoffs at Great Northern.

  NA2145 Alicia Rouverol, Cedric Chatterly, Paula Petrik, recorded by Alicia Rouverol, fall 1989, Orono, Maine. Tape only: 1 hr. 45 min. Orono opening of "Penobscot Poultry: One Year Later.” Rouverol describes the project from its conception to its end. Chatterly shows slides of photographs of Linda Lord while reading excerpts of the oral history. Petrik talks about the poultry industry in Maine and women in the workforce.

  NA2146 Cederic Chatterly, Dr. Paula Petrik, Bill Little, others, recorded by Alicia Rouverol, March 21, 1989, Machias, Maine. Tape only: 1 hr. 15 min. Panel members talking at the Machias opening of "Penobscot Poultry: One Year Later."

  NA2643 Linda Lord, interviewed by Alicia Rouverol, December 1, 1994, Belfast, Maine. Lord talks about work at Penobscot Poultry; childhood chores tending chickens; work at Crowe Rope; playing in country music band; depressed economy of Belfast area and impact of government regulations on small businesses; her feelings about being interviewed for the book; work ethic; her vision problems as limiting job opportunities; further reflections on working at Penobscot Poultry in the blood tunnel; business relations with community; feelings about work.

  This project was funded by four grants totaling $8,942 from the Maine Humanities Council in 1989 and 1990. A book based on the exhibit, co-authored by Cedric Chatterley, Alicia J. Rouverol, and Stephen A. Cole received $5,000 from the Maine Humanities Council in 1990.

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  MF046 Eastport History / Hugh French Collection

  Special Collections, Raymond H. Fogler Library, University of Maine

  In 1979-1980 Hugh French received a National Endowment for the Humanities "Youth Grant" to curate an exhibit on the history of the Eastport, Maine, waterfront, 1890-1920. Edward D. “Sandy” Ives of the Northeast Archives of Folklore and Oral History (now Maine Folklife Center) at the University of Maine acted as academic sponsor for this project. French subsequently worked with SALT, a documentary program in Portland, Maine, and founded the Tides Institute in Eastport, Maine.

  This collection includes twenty-eight interviews with thirteen Eastport residents, plus manuscript material collected as part of French’s research. In addition to the general history of Eastport, major topics discussed include the sardine industry and community holiday celebrations.

  NA1291 John Craig, (1898-1982), interviewed by Hugh French, winter 1979, in Eastport, Maine. Series of interviews with about family history; the activities, history and landscape of Eastport; the waterfront from 1900 to 1920; drawings and photos.

  NA1330 John Craig, age 82, interviewed by Hugh French, winter 1980, in Eastport, Maine. Topics include the waterfront from 1900 - 1915; rum shops; songs; factory work; stories; Seth Myers; smuggling.

  NA1372 John Craig, age 82, interviewed by Hugh French, spring 1980, in Eastport, Maine. Topice include discussion of Craig's life; work in fish factories; Eastport history; the waterfront; place names.

  NA1377 John Craig, age 82, interviewed by Hugh French, spring 1980, in Eastport, Maine. Topics include the Eastport waterfront, 1900 - 1920; fishing; factory conditions; smuggling; place names; songs; his life and work in the fish factories.

  NA1311 Bibliography, by Hugh French, spring 1980, Eastport, Maine. A brief and selected bibliographical guide to the history of Eastport, Maine.

  NA1312 Ernest B. Quigley, (1890-1980), and Corinne H. Quigley, (1891-1982), interviewed by Hugh French, January 18, 1980, Eastport, Maine. The Quigleys talk about the history of Eastport and especially its waterfront. Topics include Eastport at the turn of the twentieth century; folk tales and weather lore; Fourth of July celebrations; Eastport waterfront; changes in business district throughout the twentieth century; Dougal Anderson and LeBaron “Barry” Cooke; tourists and visitors to Eastport; International Steamship Wharf; North and South Ends of Eastport; Spanish American War; social and seasonal activities; Memorial Day and June Day; sleigh rides; double runners.

  NA1313 Leo F. Lee, (1899-1982), and Mary F. Lee, (1904-1983), interviewed by Hugh French, in 1979-1980, Eastport, Maine. This series of interviews focuses on the history of Eastport, Maine, especially the waterfront, from 1900 to 1916.

  January 3, 1979: Eastport at the turn of the twentieth century; Leo’s family history and basic biographical sketch; North and South Ends; watering cart; June Day and Fourth of July; local elections; steamships and other modes of transportation; folk medicine, common illnesses and immunizations; common Eastport songs and anecdotes; sardine factories and sardine factory work; factory camps; Memorial Hall; Old Home Day; schools; plays and dances; library; place names.

  January 15, 1979: Topics discussed include Eastport songs and stories; sardine factories and factory work; steamships; Honey Johnson; Memorial Hall; schools; recreation; Chautauqua; Dougal Anderson; Benjamin Ela; waterfront activities; Old Home Week and Eastporters who come back for it; dialect; place names; social conditions; songs.

  February 5, 1980: Topics discussed include Eastport and surrounding area 1900 to 1915; popular songs; underground school newspaper; nicknames for the sardine factory; work available within the sardine factories; LeBaron Cooke; Seacoast Canning Company; fishing and payment arrangements; American Sardine Company; fire of 1866; North and South Ends; rum shops and smuggling.

  July 11, 1980 Topics discussed include Eastport and surrounding areas; factory work; common town songs and ditties; smuggling; place names; local sayings; brief family history and biography; forms of entertainment; sardine factory nicknames.

  NA1314 Waldo Berry, (1885-1985), interviewed by Hugh French, Eastport, Maine, spring 1980. January 20, 1980: Berry talks about the history of Eastport waterfront from 1910 to 1920; stories and sayings; his life and work; clam and sardine factory work; bars and liquor sales; prostitution; Fourth of July and other celebrations; LeBaron Cooke; Dougal Anderson; local politics; fire of 1889; herring smoke houses; weather and seasonal sayings; farming; maritime and waterfront activities.

  May 31, 1980: Berry talks about Eastport and surrounding areas; brief biography and description of work on the waterfront from 1910-1920; boats; SeaCoast Company; local hotel; sardine factory nicknames; seasonal aspects of work; North Lubec sardine factory nicknames; smoked herring.

  NA1329 Jeanne Balkam,(1906-2006), interviewed by Hugh French, January 26, 1980, Eastport, Maine. The interview focused on Eastport 1900-1915 and topics discussed include the fire of 1886; brief family and personal history; Old Sow whirlpool; fog; seasons and holidays; sardine and clam factories; Treat’s Island; Eastport waterfront; trucks and horse-drawn carts.

  NA1333 William Lawrence, (1889-1984), interviewed by Hugh French, Eastport, Maine, about Eastport history, 1900-1915.

  January 9, 1979: Topics discussed include family history and biographical information; South and North End neighborhoods; June Day and Memorial Day; children’s games; Memorial Hall; Acme theater; shows, songs and singers; weather lore; Eastport topography; sardine factories; fishing and smoking fish; cooper shop; sailing vessels; fighting; Eastport waterfront.

  January 23, 1980: Topics discussed include sledding; Old Sow whirlpool; trotting park; buried treasure; place names and stories; farming; LeBaron Cooke; Fourth of July; store hours.

  February 12, 1980: Topics discussed include LeBaron Cooke; SeaCoast canning company; sardine factory work and pay; songs; can making; schools.

  NA1371 Helen Ferris, (1892-1981), interviewed by Hugh French, April 29, 1980, Eastport, Maine. Topics discussed include Eastport 1900-1920; South End and North End rivalry; family and personal history; sardine factories and their nicknames; shipbuilding; Sodom Hotel; factory songs; Burpee Wilson; smoked herring factory work.

  NA1373 Oscar Whalen, (1896-1991), interviewed by Hugh French, May-June 1980, Eastport, Maine.

  May 31, 1980: Topics discussed include place names of Eastport; Le Baron Cooke; Caleb Huston; USS Treat; Dougal Anderson; the fire of 1886; Passamaquoddy Hotel; Peavey Library; Eastport waterfront; Eastport and surrounding areas 1900-1920; the Canadian influence on Eastport; history of the sardine industry in Eastport, 1898-1930’s; SeaCoast Canning Company; Maine Sardine Cooperative.

  June 25, 1980: Sardine factory nicknames; sardine industry history; Eastport Art School; SeaCoast canning; Maine Sardine Cooperative; Eastport waterfront; freezing herring; predictions for the future of Eastport and Moose Island.

  NA1374 Helen Huntley, (1903-1987), interviewed by Hugh French, 1979 and 1980, Eastport, Maine. Huntley talks about the history of Eastport, 1900-1930.

  January 6, 1979: Topics include teaching school; neighborhood rivalry and brawls; songs, stories, poems, and singing; thoughts about Eastport as place; clubs; Callithumpina parade; circus; Chautaugua; stories and superstitions, including devil, flying saucers, and haunted house; June Day and other holidays; fish fair; Will Beale; music, dances and other forms of entertainment; prohibition; early life and schooling; Memorial Hall.

  May 1, 1980: Topics include North and South End rivalry; Moose Island; boats; coopering; factory nicknames; life in Eastport.

  May 28, 1980: Topics include place names; local songs and stories; myths and predictions about Eastport; seasonal and weather lore; jokes about sardine factory; Easter and Candlemas Day; biography and family history; Fourth of July; seasonal activities.

  June 11, 1980: Topics include Eastport songs and stories; family; father was cooper; getting out of school to pack cans in cartons; sardine factory work; clam factories; smoked herring shops; her boarders; life in Massachusetts; weather lore; thoughts on the past and future of Eastport.

  NA1375 Alice Baine, (1885-1985), interviewed by Hugh French, 1980-1981, Eastport, Maine.

  May 2, 1980: Baine talks about Eastport proper; LeBaron Cooke; sardine factories and their nicknames; local songs and tall tales; predictions for the future of Moose Island; old sayings; her life and family history; work as a sardine factory worker in and away from Eastport; Passamaquoddy Tidal Power Project.

  May 28, 1980: Baine talks about her life and work in sardine factory in Eastport and Stonington; working in California; Passamaquoddy tidal power project; working in smoked herring shop; freezing herring in winter; factory workers homes; holidays; circus; SeaCoast Cannery; LaBaron Cooke; Eastport at the turn of the century and now.

  June 20, 1980: Baine talks about Eastport songs and sayings; place names; sardine factory nicknames; Saxby Gale; fire of 1889; early work and life in Eastport; family background.

  September 15, 1980: Baine talks about Eastport and surrounding area 1880-1910; sardine factories and nicknames for them; waterfront and waterfront place names; liquor selling; map of Martin’s Dock; Martin and Caraher sardine factories; Charlie Ross; biography and description of work experience.

  October 6, 1980: Baine talks about Martin and Caraher sardine factory; Charlie Ross; details of cannery work. Also included: a map of Martin’s Dock.

  October 21, 1980: Baine talks about Charlie Ross; SeaCoast Canning; Martin and Carher sardine factory and Baine’s work there cutting fish, sealing cans, flaking, and other processes.

  March 19, 1981" Baine talks about getting a job cutting fish; details of work day; workers’ parties; strikes.

  NA1376 Alice Baine, (1885-1985), and Kathleen Andrews, (1892-1983), interviewed by Hugh French, April 09, 1980, Eastport, Maine. Topics discussed include Eastport waterfront 1890-1910; LeBaron Cooke; Eastport Art School; place names; sardine factory and work within; skating; brief biographies and descriptions of past employment; artists at Eastport; seasonal aspects of work and school; SeaCoast Company; June Day; Alice’s work experience in California sardine factory; holidays; method of payment at the factories.

  NA1378 Edmund Schildknecht, (1899-1985), interviewed by Hugh French, April 28, 1980, Eastport, Maine. Topics discussed include biography and past employment; his paintings of Eastport; Eastport Art School; Stow Wengenroth; George Ennis; Robert Craig; views and opinions of art and painting; why he enjoys the Eastport landscape; views of other artists; Dexter Cooper and the Passamaquoddy Tidal Power Project; current tidal power plans; other artists in Eastport.

  NA1379 Lucy Kilby, (1893-1984), interviewed by Hugh French, February-March 1980, Eastport, Maine.

  February 23, 1980: Topics discussed include descriptions of Eastport; predictions for Eastport’s future; predictions that Moose Island will sink; fire of 1886; Eastport businessmen; brief biography; invention of the sardine can; SeaCoast Company; LeBaron Cooke; Dougal Anderson; Eastport toll bridge; Oakland; Eastport.

  March 12, 1980: Drs. Eliza Grady and Ruth Tustin; biography and Eastport history; Dougal Anderson; invention of sardine can.

  NA1419 Hugh French, fall 1980, Eastport, Maine. Collection of diagrams, maps, index cards, and photos of Eastport and sardine industry.

  NA1465 Hugh French, fall 1980, Eastport, Maine. An Eastport, Moose Island Calendar: A Guide to the Year and to the Seasons. RESTRICTED.

  NA1638 William Follis, (1882-1982), interviewed by Hugh French, July 01, 1981, in Eastport, ME. Topics covered include Eastport and waterfront 1890-1910; early sardine factories; horse stables; placenames; fire of 1886; South End and North End; brief biography and family history; map of Eastport 1889; seamers and canners.

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  MF047 “Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project”

  Special Collections, Raymond H. Fogler Library, University of Maine

  A series of thirteen interviews, totaling twenty-four hours of recordings, conducted in 1973-1974 by David Taylor under contract for the Penobscot Marine Museum in Searsport, Maine, with fishermen from the Penobscot Bay region. Themes include equipment used and techniques; fisheries locations, species, and extent; dangers and satisfactions of the fisherman’s life; industry economics; family and community networks. Includes some photographs.

  NA0764 Wade Osborne , Sr., interviewed by David Taylor, June 7, 12, & 25 & August 1 & 9 1973, at Wade’s home in Lincolnville, Maine. Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project, Penobscot Marine Museum.

  June 7, 1973: Wade describes his life as a salmon fisherman beginning around the turn of the century; maintenance, rent, and ownership of salmon berths; fishing with pole weirs; maintenance, parts, and setup of salmon nets; effect of weather on salmon catches; typical day fishing; packing, and marketing of salmon.

  June 12, 1973: Wade discusses salmon wherries; care & building of a wherry; wherry builders Orin Ames, Henry Drinkwater, Stimp Rhodes, and Elisha Griffin; marketing of salmon; seasonal nature of salmon fishing; care of nets; influence of berth location & weather on salmon catch.

  June 25, 1973: Wade talks about other fish caught in salmon nets, monkfish, pollock, shad; effect of seals on salmon fishery; use of killicks; use, manufacture, and maintenance of salmon nets; diagram and description of salmon weir; story about whale entangled in salmon nets; financial aspects of salmon fishing; trawling for cod, haddock, and hake; fishing on the Penobscot River.

  August 1, 1973: Wade details his work on a Penobscot Bay lumber schooner, 1911-1915; loading lumber; the schooner, the Livelihood, built in Deer Isle by Mr. Billings; freight rates and profits; other cargoes; typical activities on board and living quarters; combination of sail and engines in river sailing; loading and unloading of cargo; Bangor as a lumber port. Also discusses function of spring pole and head buoys in salmon nets; river driving of lumber; sorting of logs; boom work.

  August 9, 1973: Wade describes trade aboard a Penobscot Bay coasting schooner; lumber trade, types of lumber carried; lime trade in kiln wood and kiln rock; lime kilns in Campden, Rockport, Rockland, Lincolnville; coastal trade in granite from Stonington, Hurricane Island, Vinalhaven. St. George, Franklin; loading granite; dangers of navigation and advantages/ disadvantages of various cargoes, differences in schooner models; cost & types of sails; full description of living quarters; cooking & supplies on schooner; decline of coastal trade; discussion of pinkys; used for hand-lining; why no longer built.

  NA0765 Newell Perry and George Page, interviewed by David Taylor, spring 1973, at Perry’s home in Winterport, Maine. Accession includes 2 detailed maps of the Penobscot River between Verona and Orrington. Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project, Penobscot Marine Museum.

  June 8, 1973: Perry discusses smelt fishing on the Penobscot River near Prospect; construction, setting, mending, and hauling of nets; effect of tide on catch; smelting season and daily catch; fishing crews, his own included his father, Earl Baker, Ernest Johnson, and Eddie Locke; other smelt fishermen, Calvin Young and George Page; marketing and storing smelt; smelting clothing; describes scows and their gear; navigating at night; grappling buoys; catching smelt with dip nets; and fishing for herring on Vinalhaven in 1948. June 15, 1973: Perry and Page of Brewer talk about winter smelt fishing; freezing of the Penobscot River; state laws; fishing through the ice; maintenance, size, and price of nets; fishing camps; storage, packing, and marketing of smelt; Page’s partner Chet Neally; “Boston boat” and maritime trade on the Penobscot River; stories about head lice and bed bugs.

  NA0766 Earl Baker and wife, interviewed by David Taylor, June 18, 1973, at Baker’s home in Winterport, Maine. Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project, Penobscot Marine Museum. The Bakers discuss commercial smelt fishing; fishing camps; smelt netting; smelting on Verona Island; hauling, setting, and maintaining nets; the smelting season; financial aspects of smelt fishing; story about Jim Jepson, fisherman and storyteller; building, maintenance, and use of scows; differences between ice fishing and frame fishing; marketing smelt; use of horses; use and setting up of frames, watch buoys, and gear units.

  NA0767 Walter Trundy, interviewed by David Taylor, June 27 and July 3, 1973, at Trundy’s home in Stockton Springs, Maine. Trundy was Town Clerk of Stockton Springs from 1907 up to and including time of interview. Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project, Penobscot Marine Museum.

  June 27, 1973: Trundy talks about life in Stockton Springs around 1900; fish and clams; Great Depression; experiences as a storekeeper; shipping out of Stockton Springs; hippies; local sea captains including Captain Eliot and Captain Hitchman; lumber coasting; economic development of Stockton Springs; sardine factory; ship builders, including Zebra Crooker; doctors.

  July 3, 1973: Trundy discusses sea captains; ship launches; ship building during World War One; shipbuilders Zebra Crooker and Emery and John Wardwell; his great-grandfather Joseph Plumb Martin, Revolutionary War soldier; story about Captain Horace Griffin winning the lottery; Stockton Springs barber Levi Griffin; village on Cape Jellison; Stockton Springs policeman Bill Staples; failure of Stockton Springs as a shipping port; docks built and destroyed by fire; railroad line.

  NA0768 Ernest Maloney, interviewed by David Taylor, July 16, 1973 and January 3, 1974, at Maloney’s home in Port Clyde, Maine. Penobscot Bay Fisheries and Industries Project, Penobscot Marine Museum.

  July 16, 1973: Maloney discusses lobstering; lobster fishing licenses; clamming and clam factories; marketing lobsters; lobster boat engines; vessels used for lobstering, sail and power; dory and pea pod boats; trawling; seiners, including Bert Simmons; boundary maintenance; trap wars; living and fishing on islands; trap design and materials, ballast, bait, and buoys; winter fishing; and fishing expenses.

  January 3, 1974: Maloney talks about dory and sloop use; lobstering off Monhegan; sail versus power boats; Friendship sloops; overnighting on the sloop; maintenance of sloop and sails; two-header and three-header traps; building traps; Albion, Charles, Jonah, and Wilbur Morse who built sloops; size limits on lobsters; marketing lobsters; smacks came from Boston and Maine to buy lobsters.

  NA0769 Sidney N. Sprague, interviewed by David Taylor, July 5 and 12, 1973, at Sprague’s home in Rockland, Maine.

  July 5, 1973: Sprague discusses lobster pounds owned by the McLoon Lobster Co., duties and privileges of pound keepers; lobster fishing rights and territories at Metinic Island, Matinicus Island, North Haven, Vinalhaven, Monhegan Island, Green Island, Camden, Rockland, Rockport, Spruce Head; lobster tagging; trap wars; harassment of outsiders and newcomers; clamming territories; building and maintaining lobster pounds; keeping lobsters alive in the pounds, lobster disease “Red Tail.”

  July 12, 1973: Sprague talks about lobster fisherman Gooden Grant; Isle Au Haut fishermen, fishing areas; sites of lobster pounds around Penobscot Bay; pound operator Ladd Simmons; building and financing pounds; Oliver Perry knowledgeable pound constructor; maintenance of pounds and lobsters; defines chicken lobster; barrel making; sizes of barrel for shipping lobsters; McLoon ice houses and packing lobsters; use and building of scows; marketing of lobsters; fish flakes; rum running.

  NA0770 Phillip Raynes, interviewed by David Taylor, July 5, July 25, and August 14, 1973, at Raynes’ home in Camden, Maine.

  July 5, 1973: Raynes talks about his grandfather, a Grand Banks fisherman; also hand-lined in Penobscot Bay; and cooked aboard a fishing schooner. Raynes describes gill netting with his father; first fishing experiences; coot and duck shooting; trawling hand-lines; buoys and killicks on trawl lines; trawling bait; effects of pollution on the fishery; stopped trawling in the 1930s and began lobstering; boat and equipment for lobstering; marketing herring; lobster fishing laws; decline in salt fish business.

  July 25, 1973: Raynes talks about numbers, designs, and building of lobster traps; Matinicus Island; storms; changes in rope and heading material; preserving traps; ballasting traps; bait spears, lines, and bags; types and source of bait; types of buoys, Styrofoam versus cedar; lobster hatchery; management of Maine’s lobster fishery.

  August 14, 1973: Raynes discusses Gooden Grant’s house on Isle Au Haut; types of bait, fresh versus salted; relationships between fishermen; Lincolnville, Camden, Rockport, Rockland, Green Island, Metinic Island, Monhegan Island fishing areas; trap wars on Matinicus Island; industry in Camden, especially lime kilns; marketing lobsters; typical day of fishing; women lobster fishers; trawl line.

  NA0771 Henry Walls, interviewed by David Taylor, July 13, 1973, Vinalhaven Island, Maine. Walls talks about working in his grandfather’s store on Vinalhaven Island in the early nineteenth century; eel grass in the coves and harbors; catching flounder for lobster bait; lobster buoy shape, color, and markings; building and baiting lobster traps; differences between parlor and common traps; double-ended lobster boat; advantage of rowing over engine power; sardine and herring weirs and seiners; whale sighting near Hurricane Island; other fish and shellfish caught in the lobster traps; number of traps set; dogfish as a nuisance to fishermen; granite quarries on Hurricane and Vinalhaven Islands; changes in winter clothing for lobstering; marketing of lobsters; Sid Sprague and Hi Smith, lobster buyers. RESTRICTED.

  NA0772 Dan McLain, interviewed by David Taylor, 17 and July 26, 1973 at his home in Round Pond, Maine, about his fishing career.

  July 17, 1973: McLain discusses trawling and hand lining for ground fish including gear, crew, techniques, market; fishing on Georges Banks; beam trawlers; nets; foreign vessels; best areas and seasons; competition among vessels; lobstering; boat builders.

  July 26, 1973: McLain discusses skippering a lobster smack (sailboat with wells for live storage of lobsters bought from lobstermen) for the I. C. Harvey Lobster Co.; the boat, crew, work routine, and economics of smacking; pogey fishing for N. B. Church; pogey boats, seines and other gear; crew; fishing areas and season; decline of pogey fishery.

  NA0773 Gooden Grant, interviewed by David Taylor, July 11, and August 10, 1973, Stonington, Maine.

  July 11, 1973: Grant discusses catching lobsters with hoop nets and traps; Isle au Haut lobster factory; selling to lobster smacks; mackerel seining; culling board and sizes of marketable lobsters; pogey fishing with father; steam trawlers in pogey fishery; running lobster smacks for McLoon Lobster Co.; Friendship sloops; farms on Isle au Haut; dory factory at Bucksport; Tom Nickerson; fishing the Grand Banks; gear and techniques for trawling from a dory; salting fish on board schooner; power boats; liquor and drinking; going to the West Indies in square riggers. Grant was in Havana harbor for the sinking of the battleship Maine, which began the Spanish-American war.

  August 10, 1973: Grant discusses camp meetings; life on Isle au Haut including father’s store, lobster factory, shipyard, and rusticators; Friendship sloops; early lobster traps; cooperation among Isle au Haut fishermen; winter fishing; lobster bottoms; singing and dancing aboard ship; and rum running.

  NA0774 Lewis Stubbs, interviewed by David Taylor, August 22, 1973, at Stubb’s home in Winterport, Maine. Stubbs discusses seasonal employment, fish in winter and lumber mill rest of the year; loading lumber schooners; smelt fishing on the Penobscot River; bag nets and gill nets; daily routine of fishing; setting and maintaining nets; location of and entertainment in fishing camps; fishermen’s mittens; Newell Perry; fish sleds; storing, packing, and marketing smelt; comparison of scow and pole fishing for smelt; gill netting techniques, materials, cost; story about Frank Perry; eel fishing with traps and spears.

  NA0775 Maurice Mayhew, interviewed by David Taylor, August 29, 1973, at Mayhew’s home in Winterport, Maine. Mayhew talks about smelt fishing on the Penobscot River; fishing with Earl and Willis Baker and Mr. Bolin; hauling and setting nets; getting his start in the 1920s; packing smelt; fishing camps; fishing berths; cutting wood in the winter; Bert Alley who fished through the ice near Frankfort; smelt fishing gear and nets; smelt scows, building and maintenance; marketing smelt; eel fishing.

  NA0776 Vincent Hincks interviewed by David Taylor on September 30, 1973, at Hincks’ home in Orrington, Maine. Hincks discusses commercial eel fishing on the Penobscot River; construction of eel weirs; building, baiting, setting, hauling, and maintaining eel traps; “Cannonball” Baker, eel fisherman; marketing and storing eels.

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  MF049 Penobscot River Commercial Fisheries Project / David Taylor

  Special Collections, Raymond H. Fogler Library, University of Maine

  This collection consists of a series of interviews conducted by David Taylor with eight fishermen about the commercial fisheries of the Penobscot River in Maine. Taylor interviewed men who fished for smelt, salmon, sturgeon, alewives, eels, and cod; also an eel wholesaler. Methods discussed include net fishing; weir fishing; and winter fishing. Towns discussed include Winterport; Frankfort; and Bangor.

  NA0805 Harold Reed, interviewed by David Taylor, February 5, 1974, at Reed’s home in Frankfort, Maine. Reed discusses, in detail, his experiences as a fisherman on the Penobscot River in the 1920s, 30s, 40s, and 50s; how his father, Fred Reed, fished for smelt with bag nets at Winterport around Bald Hill Cove during the Great Depression; the men his father fished with, including Herbert Alley, Phillip Alley, Carl Clegg, and Leon Perkins; his own fishing on the Penobscot River and Marsh Stream in Frankfort during high school and after World War II; fishing with gill nets, and how to set them, how they caught fish, importance of net shape and how to rig the nets, where to get the nets, the floats and sinkers used on the nets, how to haul the net into the boat; the size of a good catch, and what kinds of fish were caught in the nets, including smelt, trout, and eel; how the fish, mostly smelt, were packed and shipped to market; and the prices paid for smelts; fishing licenses and warden Lewis Stubbs; the effects of weather on fishing and on the nets, how to care for the net, and how much money one could earn in a season; fishing with bag nets; how to fish through the ice; men who fished with bag nets, including Herbert Alley, and Charles Alley, their fishing camps.

  NA0806 H. B. Calkins, interviewed by David Taylor, February 23, 1974 and March 16, 1974, at Calkins’ home in Hampden, Maine. Calkins discusses weir fishing on the Penobscot River, during the 1920s and 30s, near Winterport & Bangor, especially Gilmore Beach, Whitney Beach, and Castle Rock; weirs owned by F. E. (Floyd) Whitney; setting weirs, building weirs, weir season (summer), shape of weir, fish caught in weirs (smelts, alewives, and salmon), tending the weir, fishing rights; reasons for outlawing weirs and gill nets; Lester Stubbs, warden and fisherman, had 10 weirs on Penobscot River; gill netting, financial returns, catching smelts; sturgeon fishing, fishing methods, drift netting, marketing and size of sturgeon; salmon fishing, nets, daily activities, marketing; fish camps and their furnishings; fishing with bag nets in the winter; Winterport fishermen Sidney Johnson and Lin Perkins; eel potting at Stubbs Point, Oak Point, Rooster Rock, and Bald Hill Cove, baiting the pots, marketing, spearing eels, eel barrels; in gill nets; mentions John Rowe and Ronald Randolph.

  NA0807 Avery Bowden, interviewed by David Taylor, March 5, 1974, at Bowden’s home in Orland, Maine. Bowden talks about fishing on the Penobscot River, Morse’s Cove, Orland Dam, Verona Island, Alamoosook Lake, especially weir fishing for salmon, smelts, and alewives; building weirs, goudy pole, placement of weirs, closing a weir, taking fish from the weir, killing salmon with club; working for his father, his father’s weirs; size of seasonal catches, marketing salmon and alewives, salting alewives, sold alewives to Tom Nickerson; fishing a seasonal job, father also worked in the woods in the winter. Mentions Willis Givvs, George Grindle, Frank Martin, Adison Marks, Ed Heath, Decatur Bridges, Marvin Gray, Dave Davis, Reuben Simpson, Freddie Gross, and Oscar Bridges.

  NA0831 Forrest Baker, interviewed by David Taylor, March 26, 1974, at Baker’s camp on Green Lake in Dedham, Maine. Baker discusses eel fishing on the Penobscot River near South Orrington; describes eel pots (traps), building eel pots, materials; Leon Hurd and Chet Stevens, who also fished eels, and fishermen Walter Whitney and Ed Bridges; salmon weir fishing; Sammy Stubbs, warden and gill net fisherman.

  NA0832 By Calvin Young, interviewed by David Taylor, April 3, 1974, at Young’s home in Winterport, Maine. Young talks about his World War I job in a shipyard; job cutting cord wood; father was a mason; brother-in-law ran ferry in Winterport; winter fishing on the Penobscot River below Winterport, at Mill Creek, Haggett Stream, Kempton’s Cove, Hurd’s Brook, Marsh Rock, and Old Women’s Stream; fish camps, perils of ice-fishing, marketing and price of fish, equipment, clothing, nets; George Page; building a scow with Sid Johnson; fishing with Ashley Young, Chet Nealey from Hampden, Milton Baker, Raymond Down, and Phil Alley; Waldo Perkins hauled the fish to market. Young also plays the hammered dulcimer.

  NA1993 Avery Bowden, interviewed by David Taylor, March 12, 1974, at Bowden’s home in Orland, Maine. Bowden discusses weir fishing on the Penobscot River for cod and alewives; process of building or sticking a weir; winter storage of the weir; smoking cod; tarring and maintenance of nets; names other fishermen on the river near Orland and Verona; and fishing with his father, E. Darling Bowden.

  NA1997 Gerald Crommett, interviewed by David Taylor, October 9, 1973, at Crommett’s home in Passadumkeag, Maine. Crommett discusses his years as an eel fisherman; buying his own weir as a young man; current business as an eel wholesaler; buying saltwater and freshwater eels; eel fishermen along the east coast from the Maritime Provinces to Georgia; national and international marketing of eels; details of equipment and catches from different ways of catching eels including eel pots or traps, fight nets, and weirs; and silver eels.

  NA1998 Sid Johnson, interviewed by David Taylor, January 15, 1974, at Johnson’s home in Winterport, Maine. Johnson talks about his experiences as a commercial smelt fisherman on the Penobscot River; influence of weather and the tide on smelt fishing; hauling the nets; Phil Alley from Frankfort first to use an engine to haul his nets; placement of nets in the water; capacity, durability, and mending of nets; marketing smelt; pollution and marketing smelt; noncommercial gill netting for smelt; and cooking smelt.

• 

  MF052 “Remnants of Our Lives: Maine Women and Traditional Textile Arts” Project & Exhibit

  Special Collections, Raymond H. Fogler Library, University of Maine

  "Remnants of Our Lives: Maine Women and Traditional Textile Arts" was an exhibition, sponsored and curated by the Northeast Archives of Folklore and Oral History in collaboration with the Hudson Museum, the University of Maine's anthropology museum within the Maine Center for the Arts. The exhibition celebrated the skills, talent, and creativity of fifteen Maine women, representing the state's diversity of folklife communities, through a selection of textile objects, narrative texts based on oral history interviews with the artists, photographs, and interpretive panels.

  The exhibit focused on the theme of rites of passage, a motif which resonates through all of the narratives that were collected during the field research phase of the project; the textiles were presented as aesthetic expressions of life status changes. The project's advisory panel included University of Maine faculty, outside professionals associated with textiles and folk arts, as well as two traditional artists who contributed to the selection process.

  NA2259 Betty Billings, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, June 21, 1991, Stonington, Maine. Billing talks about learning in a one room schoolhouse; learning to knit; boiled wool mittens; knitting socks with four needles; selling her sweaters; buying yarn; fishermen’s sweaters; aran sweater patters; her husband and sons’ work as fishermen; wristers; knitting doll clothes; Barbie Dolls; building nets; raglan patters; knitting with her children.

  NA2690 Gloria Martin, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth in Old Town, Maine, April 2 and 3, 1991. First interview talks about her mother, Jessie Madden; picking and canning berries in the summer; the braided rugs and quilts Jessie made; knitting; her work with Vogue Dolls; her children and grandchildren; working for credit and collection agencies as a woman in the 1950s. In the second interview she talks about her experience growing up; going to school in a one room schoolhouse; going to high school in Old Town; Christmas/holiday celebrations; fur trapping; hunting with her father; running hunting camps for tourists; May baskets; lunch box socials; religion; the woodchuck she raised that ended up appearing on the television show Captain Kangaroo; afghans; tatting and crochet; home remedies; her children; and some rugs her mother made.

  NA2691 Lois Bartlett and Marjorie Freeman, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, April 15, 1991. Bartlett and Freeman, of West Rockport, Maine, talk about rug hooking.

  NA2692 Prudence Billings, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, May 2, 1991. Billings, of Brewer, Maine, talks about knitting, tatting, and crocheting.

  NA2693 Beeuw van Kuiferen, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, May 6, 1991. Van Kuiferen, of Stetson, Maine, talk about bobbin lace-making.

  NA2694 Lelia Case and Ella Patterson, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, May 8, 1991. Case and Patterson, of Embden, Maine, talk about quilting and rug hooking.

  NA2695 Holly Seagraves, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth June 20, 1991. Seagraves, of Owl’s Head, Maine, talks about hooked rug; the Sands Frost rug from the 1870s that she restored; family history; quilting; and Civil War era diaries and letters.

  NA2697 Winifred Lanek and Laverne Dixon, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, June 20, 1991. Lanke and Dixon, of Owl’s Head, Maine, talk about hooked rugs.

  NA2698 Ella Petterson, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, July 3, 1991. Petterson, of Skowhegan, Maine, talks about knitting and quilting; growing up in Maine, putting herself through school; working at the Redington-Fairview hospital; her husband and family; the textiles in her family's home growing up; home-sewed clothing; the socks and mittens her mother used to knit; scrap bags; embroidery; the church craft fair and charity work for the church; Remsen blankets; quilting clubs.

  NA2699 Caroline Porter Kier, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 1, 1991. Kier, of Port Clyde, Maine, talks about rug hooking and braiding; discussion of family; her father's adventures in the Arctic; her father's paintings; creating patterns to hook; the frame she uses; where she gets her materials; how to clean rugs; selling her rugs.

  NA2700 Fannie Parritt, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 21, 1991. Parritt, of South Gouldsboro, Maine, talks about MSCM rugs and crocheting; in C92l there is discussion of growing up on Ironbound Island; knitting and crocheting as a child; quilting; learning to sew for her stepdaughters; the Seacoast Mission and the Sunbeam; a mission woman named Mrs. Peaslee; her church activities; writing religious themed poetry and songs; her laser eye surgery; when she and her husband were baptized; learning to paint; religious visions; factory work at Stinson's and Snow's; boarding elderly ladies at her house and getting her nursing license; the fire that gutted her current home. C 922 contains discussion of the Girl Reserves and the Boy Scouts; the Seacoast Mission; crocheting dolls; crocheting roses; the bride and groom doll sets she makes for people that are getting married; her son's band; teaching her children to sew and crochet; teaching neighborhood girls to cook, crochet, sew and sing; playing music at nursing homes; her friends and Bible study group.

  NA2701 Eva Labonte, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 13, 1991. Labonte, of Lewiston, Maine, talks about Franco-American needle work; her heritage, samplers; her early family life; being Catholic; her married life; sewing clothes for her children; teaching her children needlepoint; homemade Christmas; a portrait of Jesus; blending needlework colors; petit point stitching; teaching classes out of her home; her mother's artwork; Franco-American quilting ; embroidered half sheets.

  NA2702 Angie Jordan, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 30, 1991. Jordan talks about crocheted dolls; her family; the textile work her mother did; rag dolls; quilting; rug hooking and braiding; teaching Fannie Parrot how to crochet dolls; making stuffed animals; knitting; and wedding dolls.

  NA2703 Elizabeth Bergh, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, September 17, 1991. Bergh, of Chebeague Island, Maine, talks about knitting; Chebeaque Island; Bergh's native country, Norway; her family; the Norwegian army in which her father was a colonel; the lending library her mother started when she was young; Ladies Aid; craft fairs; quilting; knitting; embroidery; fundraising by raffling quilts; knitting and sewing in Norwegian schools; many different types of fishermen's mittens and traditional patterns; sweaters; Bergh's career as a nurse; vacationing in Maine; Bergh's mother using a top crook; European (also known as Continental or German) vs. American knitting; four needle knitting; lap rugs; wristers; Trondheim, Norway.

  NA2704 Augusta Scott, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, October 30, 1991. Scott talks about crocheting; family; dating in the early 1900s; the Grange; her home and neighbors; her husband's work on the Great Lakes; crochet work she's had in fairs; raffling her work to raise money for various causes.

  NA2705 Cecile Levasseur, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 7, 1991. Levasseur talks about needlework.

  NA2706 Helen Schumejko, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 8, 1991. Schunejko, of Richmond, Maine, crocheting and needlework.

  NA2707 Irene Baker, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 20, 1991, St. Francis, Maine. Baker talks about knitting.

  NA2708 Izy Thibodeau, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 21, 1991, St. Francis, Maine. Thibodeau talks about quilting.

  NA2709 Dorothy Kerr, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth January 27, 1992 in Millinocket, Maine.

  NA2710 Margaret Williams, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, January 27, 1992, Millinocket, Maine. Williams talks about quilting and knitting.

  NA2711 Ann Baker, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, February 17, 1992, Coopers Mills, Maine. Baker talks about quilting.

  NA2712 Nadine Boddy, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, February 24, 1992, Millinocket, Maine. Boddy talks about quilting.

  NA2713 Edith Wilbur, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, March 6, 1992, Dexter, Maine. Wilbur talks about knitting.

  NA2714 Beda Spooner, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, March 11, 1992, New Sweden, Maine. Spooner talks about knitting.

  NA2715 Bertha Voisine, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 20, 1991 and May 6, 1992, Fort Kent and Fort Kent Mills, Maine. Voisine talks about braided rugs.

  NA2716 Joan Dana, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, September 12, 1991 & May 7, 1992, Peter Dana Point, Maine. Dana talks about Native American beadwork and beadworking.

  NA2717 Maila Korsman and Miko Stone, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, February 27, 1992, Monson, Maine. Korsman and Stone talk about Finnish knitting. Includes newspaper articles. Follow up interview with Korsman, June 30, 1992, Monson, Maine. Korsman talks about Finnish knitting.

  NA2718 Earg Neur, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, July 9, 1992, Portland, Maine. Neur talks about Buddhist Tongs.

  NA2719 Gladys Gooding, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, May 6 1992, Presque Isle Maine. Gooding talks about knitting and quilting.

  NA2720 Wanda Kimbrough, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, November 7, 1991 & April 7, 1992, Auburn, Maine. Kimbrough talks about crewel and needlework.

  NA2721 Charles Merrifield and Edith Merrifield, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, July 17, 1992, West Rockport, Maine. The Merrifields talk about net making.

  NA2722 Rosalie St. Pierre, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, October 22, 1991, Kents Hill, Maine. St. Pierre talks about crocheting and knitting. Follow-up interview June 28, 1992, Kents Hill, Maine. St. Pierre talks about crocheting, knitting, and embroidery.

  NA2723 Gail Cousins, Kelly Saunders, and Edna Grindle, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, January 10, 1992 & April 30, 1992, Brooksville, Maine. Cousins, Saunders, and Grindle talk about knitting.

  NA2724 Marguerite Gosbee and Noelle Loupin, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, July 26, 1991, Harmony, Maine. Gosbee and Loupin talk about quilting. Follow-up interview with Gosbee, July 23, 1992, Harmony, Maine.

  NA2725 Diana Christakas, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, July 23, 1992, Bangor, Maine. Christakas talks about Greek needlework.

  NA2726 Carolyn Brown, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, February 17, 1992, Jefferson, Maine. Brown talks about wedding gowns. Follow-up interview April 06, 1992, Jefferson, Maine. Brown talks about wedding gowns.

  NA2727 Beth Corey-Smith, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, January 23, 1992, March 9, 1992 & April 9, 1992, West Gardiner, Maine. Corey-Smith talks about quilting.

  NA2728 Jennifer Sapiel, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 4 and 6, 1992, Indian Island. Bapiel talks about Penobscot beadwork.

  NA2732 Barbara Merry Boulter, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, April 15, 1991 & April 28, 1992, Knox & Swanville, Maine. Boulter talks about rug hooking.

  NA2734 Richard Waldron, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, May 7, 1991, Spruce Head, Maine. Waldron talks about net making.

  NA2736 Irene Bartlett, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, June 28, 1991, Islesford, Maine. Bartlett talks about rug braiding.

  NA2737 Gladys Gooding and Doris Rose, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, August 9, 1991, Presque Isle, Maine. Gooding and Rose talk about family textile.

  NA2738 Edna Grindle, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, October 8, 1991, Brooksville, Maine. Grindle talks about knitting.

  NA2740 Brother Arnold, Sister Francis, and Sister Meg, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, February 11, 1992, Poland Springs, Maine. The Brother and Sisters talk about Shaker textiles.

  NA2741 Susan Philbrook, interviewed by Teresa Hollingsworth, June 29, 1992, Stonington, Maine. Philbrook talks about net knitting.